Respiratory disease

Respiratory diseases are a group of the diseases that affect respiratory tract including lung, pleural cavity, bronchial tubes, trachea, pharyngonasal cavity. The severity o the respiratory tract diseases varies from mild form such as common cold and severe and life-threatening conditions such as pulmonary embolism and pneumonia. Currently the respiratory diseases occupy more than 20% of all hospitalizations in the USA. According to the etiology all the respiratory diseases are divided into several groups such as:

• Asthma
• Breathing problems(altitude sickness, choking, sleep apnoea)
• Chronic respiratory disease(Allergies and Hypersensitivities, chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD))
• Lung diseases(Asbestosis, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Cystic Fibrosis, Lung Cancer, Pleurisy, Pneumonia, Tuberculosis
• Pharyngeal Diseases(sore throat, throat cancer)
• Respiratory tract infections(bronchitis, common cold, Diphtheria, Influenza, Legionnaires' Disease, Pleurisy, Pneumonia, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Sinusitis, Tuberculosis, Whooping Cough).

The symptoms of respiratory deseases range significantly and depend on the disease and its cause. The most common respiratory system diseases are:

• Pain in the chest, throat and mouth and nasal cavity
• Nasal congestion
• Shortness of breath
• Cough(dry cough, productive cough or coughing blood)
• General misery
• Increased body's temperature
• Cyanosis

The treatment of respiratory diseases include the application of medicines, surgical interventions, liquid and mechanical ventilation, radiotherapy, surfactant replacement therapy and other.